PHONOGRAPH

Today's large mammals— often with small populations, long gestation periods and late weaning ages—are similarly predisposed to sudden mass extinction, scientists say. For big beasts, taking care of offspring is typically a time sink and an energy drain, and the whole setup makes the young highly susceptible to predation.

In 1900, 13 percent of people who were 65 could expect to see 85. Now, nearly half of 65-year-olds can expect to live that long.

People even look different today. American men, for example, are nearly 3 inches taller than they were 100 years ago and about 50 pounds heavier.

The possibility that a simple shot could do this is what lured Musachia to the Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention on the fringes of the University of Wisconsin-Madison campus earlier this month. He has tried many ways to quit but still smokes.

"I'm sick of it. I'm surprised I've lived this long," said the 75-year-old man. "My kids — they carry on like 2-year-olds when I smoke around them. My animals run and hide."

Elephants do not like capsaicin, the chemical in chilis that makes them hot. So farmers surround maize and other crops with buffers of chilis. They also mixed crushed chilis with used grease and smear it on fences. And they mix chili with animal dung to make briquettes, then burn them at night to create a noxious smoke.

The store currently carries 14,000 items, about the same amount of dry goods that an average grocery store would carry. The difference is that Amazon includes many niche products that conventional grocers cannot carry — like some high-end or regional brands of granola and gluten-free spaghetti — because the products have such limited appeal.

To be safe, Dr. Biesman cautioned against applying mascara “while holding dogs, children or a steering wheel.”

...the participants who believed that they were being tested against much older people faltered, remembering just over 12 words, a significant difference from the controls. Being included with an “older group” by itself was apparently enough to provoke an unconscious acceptance of the stereotype that advancing age must sap memory — and the test scores to reflect it.

The new device, developed by scientists at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, analyzes smells through 15 sensors, records the odor's recipe in digital format and then reproduces the scent by mixing 96 chemicals and vaporizing the result.

"These are generally rough-and-ready types who tend to be trouble makers, who have no loyalty to groups or commanders," said Dr. Michael Stone, a professor of clinical psychiatry at Columbia University, who said he could not comment directly on the Army case. He added: "But they don't have to be pushed to act ruthlessly toward enemy combatants. It comes very naturally, which can be an admirable quality. And some small percentage of them are bound to slip through the cracks."

"I really have to try not to think too hard about the fact that organic unthinkable meat scraps are still unthinkable meat scraps," Ms. Slonosky said.

Mounting research suggests that alcohol causes more damage to the developing brains of teenagers than was previously thought, injuring them significantly more than it does adult brains.

Americans doen't aulwaez go for whut's eezy — witnes th faeluer of th metric sistem to cach on. But propoenents of simpler speling noet that a smatering of aulterd spelingz hav maed th leep into evrydae ues.